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Exchange Classic: The Interplay between Theory and Observation
August 4, 2023
Watch a scientist at work as a toddler places an acorn on a slide, runs to retrieve it, and repeats the experiment over and over.
-Diane Trister Dodge, founder of Teaching Strategies

In the summer of 2002, following an ExchangeEveryDay post about theory and observation, Exchange readers engaged in a lively debate about observing without theoretical context. After considerable back-and-forth, early childhood professor and advocate Alice Sterling Honig (1929-2023) had this to say:

A fine teacher understands ECE deeply and translates the difficult concepts of theorists into practical language harmonious with the experiences of those learning to interact in more responsive, subtle, ways to promote secure attachment, language flourishing, prosocial skills, etc.

Yet if teachers do not ever hear the special vocabulary of our field, then it is no wonder that parents and legislators would think we are not really ‘professionals.’

Let me give a good example from my own work when parents pressured us to start too-early toilet learning with their young toddlers. We told them seriously and slowly about how important it is that there is completion of myelinization of the great motor neurons from the Betz cells of the motor cortex of the brain all the way down to the anal and urethral sphincters. The white fatty sheaths of myelin then permit a neuron to fire much faster and with voluntary control. When this myelinzation is completed fully varies for different children. This may take up to 24 months. Thus, beginning toilet learning too early would not be fair to a little child. We explained every word in our talk BUT, the parents were truly impressed by our knowledge base and more ready to listen to reasonable ideas about what signs to look for in child behaviors, such as words for toileting, evidence that proprioceptive cues from the sphincters (and again we explained in down-to-earth detail!) were being attended to by the toddler, etc. so that together, parents and caregivers could work toward the desired goals of toilet learning. In our field, we will never be considered professionals unless we are willing to trust in the ability and passion for their work that excellent caregivers bring to the amazing adventure of helping little ones grow and flourish in our care and also trust in their willingness to learn ever more deeply about growth and development of young children.

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Comments (3)

Displaying All 3 Comments
Kirsten Haugen · August 07, 2023
Eugene, OR, United States


Lois, no worries! You'll find me searching the Exchange archives and beyond to share treasures like these from Alice Honig, Betty Jones, Jim Greenman, Nel Noddings, and so many others. It's a joy to see the paths they laid for those lucky enough to know them or know of them.
And Francis, yes, we have to understand our legacies, even as we seek to broaden our perspectives and sources. Thanks.
I keep thinking about mentoring and what each one of us can do to connect with and foster younger leaders in our field. The ROW Initiative and the Exchange Leadership Initiative are both possible platforms for this.

Lois M. Ingellis · August 05, 2023
Empire State College
Castro Valley, CA, United States


thank you Exchange everyday for finding this treasure from Alice Honig. You also did Elizabeth Jones when she passed but let's keep finding these as the younger ece field doesn't know of our 'heros' and really we must keep these words of wisdom alive!

Francis Wardle · August 05, 2023
University of Phoenix/ Red Rocks Community College
Denver, Colorado, United States


Every discipline has a standard, and how it uses that standard says a lot about the discipline. It's critical that we in the ECE field continually engage in discussions about our rich body of knowledge. My good friend Polly Greenberg, past editor of Young Children, always expressed this mantra: we cannot forget our past. This is why I always cover important theorists in all of my classes before moving on to the specific class content. It's also why I dislike the latest edition of NAEYC's DAP (4th edition). Piaget, Dewey, Froebel, Erikson, Steiner, Reggio, Vygotsky and other founding theorist are not even included in the index!



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